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James Miller Creighton (September 14, 1856 - November 25, 1946) was an American architect who practiced in Phoenix, Arizona from the 1880s to the 1920s. He is considered to be one of Arizona's first architects. Creighton was born in Newcastle, New Brunswick, now Miramichi, in 1856. At the age of 13, Creighton began working as an apprentice, to learn carpentry and building. He remained in his native Canada until 1879, when he emigrated to Denver, Colorado. He worked for a local builder, and studied architecture at night school. Interested in opportunities in Arizona, he moved again, this time to Tucson. There, he formed a partnership with J. M. Henderson. in 1882 he moved on to Phoenix, hoping to get a job on the construction of the new Maricopa County Courthouse. Unsuccessful, he formed a partnership, Patton & Creighton, with Samuel E. Patton.〔''Tempe Hardware Building NRHP Nomination''.〕 Patton had been the successful bidder on the courthouse's carpentry.〔''Guide to MS 10, James M. Creighton Collection, Photos and Documents''. 2009. Web.〕 Gradually, he focused more and more on design and less on building, and opened an office for the practice of architecture in late 1887, after obtaining the commission for City Hall. He practiced alone until the mid-1890s, when he added Denslow W. Millard, formerly of Minnesota, as a partner. The firm of Creighton & Millard only lasted until 1897, When Millard went on to establish his own practice. Circa 1898, he partnered with C. Schenstrom as Creighton & Schenstrom, and ended the partnership in 1899.〔''Phoenix City Directory 1899-1900''. 1899.〕 Around the turn of the century, Creighton moved to Birmingham, Alabama, in the face of a severe drought that limited opportunities. However, he soon returned to Phoenix.〔 In 1905 he once again partnered with Millard, this time as Millard & Creighton.〔''Arizona Republican'' 2 May 1905: 6.〕 The partnership lasted until 1907. That year, Creighton associated with Henry C. Trost of El Paso. The resulting firm, Trost & Creighton, was organized to supervise Trost's Arizona work. They dissolved partnership in 1908, when Trost established Trost & Trost. Creighton practiced alone until 1915, establishing Creighton & McDonald, but soon returned to private practice.〔''American Stone Trade'' 1 Aug. 1915: 35.〕 He continued to practice under his own name until the mid-1920s. During the early 1880s, Creighton became a naturalized citizen. He married his wife, Nellie Creighton, in Phoenix.〔U.S. Passport Application for J. M. Creighton, architect, dated February 20, 1922. Ancestry.com. U.S. Passport Applications, 1795-1925 (on-line ). National Archives and Records Administration (NARA); Washington D.C.; Passport Applications, January 2, 1906 - March 31, 1925; Collection Number: ARC Identifier 583830 / MLR Number A1 534; NARA Series: M1490; Roll #: 1840.〕 Despite traveling extensively, he died at his home in Phoenix in 1946. A number of his works are listed on the National Register of Historic Places.〔(Tempe's Historic Buildings, Tempe Historical Society )〕 ==Works== Patton & Creighton, ?-1887: * Fry Building, 146 E. Washington St., Phoenix, AZ (1885) - Altered. Also the oldest identified commercial building in Phoenix.〔"Fry Building (Baxter Block)". Arizona State Historic Property Inventory. 1983.〕 * Territorial Insane Asylum, 2500 E. Van Buren St., Phoenix, AZ (1886-87) - Demolished.〔''Inland Architect and Builder'' April 1886: 51.〕 * Territorial Normal School, Tempe, AZ (1886) - Demolished 1906.〔''Inland Architect and Builder'' April 1886: 51.〕 * Old Main, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ (1887-91)〔Nequette, Anne M. and R. Brooks Jeffery. ''A Guide to Tucson Architecture''. 2002.〕 James M. Creighton, 1887-?: * Phoenix City Hall, 125 E. Washington St., Phoenix, AZ (1887-88) - Demolished c.1928.〔''Maricopa County Courthouse NRHP Nomination''. 1988.〕 * John Nicholas Saloon, 46 E. 11th St., Florence, AZ (1889) * Andre Building, 401 S. Mill Ave., Tempe, AZ (1888) - Remodeled 1900.〔''Andre Building NRHP Nomination''. 1979.〕 * Phoenix Indian School, 300 E. Indian School Rd., Phoenix, AZ (1891-92) - Demolished.〔Melikian, Robert A. ''Images of America: Vanishing Phoenix''. 2010.〕 * Pinal County Courthouse, 135 N. Pinal St., Florence, AZ (1891)〔''Florence Townsite Historic District NRHP Nomination''. 1995.〕 * Osborn School, 3443 N. Central Ave., Phoenix, AZ (1892) - Demolished. Now the site of Phoenix Financial Center.〔Melikian, Robert A. ''Images of America: Vanishing Phoenix''. 2010.〕 * Niels Petersen House, 1414 W. Southern Ave., Tempe, AZ (1892)〔 * Frank Titus House, 1310 N. Hayden Rd., Scottsdale, AZ (1892)〔''Frank Titus House NRHP Nomination''. 1982.〕 * Con P. Cronin House, 2029 W. Jefferson St., Phoenix, AZ (1893)〔''Nineteenth Century Residential Buildings in Phoenix Multiple Property Listing NRHP Nomination''. 1994.〕 * Oscar Roberts House, 2004 W. Madison St., Phoenix, AZ (1893)〔 Creighton & Millard, ?-1897: * George J. Roskruge House, 318 E. 13th St., Tucson, AZ (1895)〔Nequette, Anne M. and R. Brooks Jeffery. ''A Guide to Tucson Architecture''. 2002.〕 * Hotel Adams, 50 E. Adams St., Phoenix, AZ (1896) - Burned.〔''The Pacific Reporter, Vol. 59, December 14-1899-March 8 1900''. 1900.〕 * Darius M. Purman House, 1317 W. Jefferson St., Phoenix, AZ (1897-98) James M. Creighton, 1897-1898: * Odd Fellows Hall, 520 S. Mill Ave., Tempe, AZ (1898)〔 Creighton & Schenstrom, 1898-1899: * Ellingson Building, 21 W. Washington St., Phoenix, AZ (1899) - Demolished.〔''Engineering Record'' 26 Aug. 1899: 206.〕 James M. Creighton, 1899-1905: * Vernetta Hotel, 216 N. Frontier St., Wickenburg, AZ (1905)〔''Historic Resources of Wickenburg, Arizona''. 1986.〕 Millard & Creighton, 1905-1907: * Dominion Hotel, Broad & Sycamore Sts., Globe, AZ (1905) - Burned 1981.〔''Engineering News'' 14 Sept. 1905: 86.〕 * Carnegie Public Library, 1101 W. Washington St., Phoenix, AZ (1906-07)〔''Engineering Record'' 21 April 1906: 54.〕 * President's House, Tempe Normal School, Tempe, AZ (1907)〔''Arizona Republican'' 2 June 1907: 10.〕 Trost & Creighton, 1907-1908: * Y. M. C. A. Building, Monroe St. & 2nd Ave., Phoenix, AZ (1908) - Demolished.〔''Engineering-Contracting 1 April 1908: 36.〕 James M. Creighton, 1908-1915: * Gold Hotel, 3rd & Washington Sts., Phoenix, AZ (1911-12) - Demolished.〔''Southwest Contractor and Manufacturer'' 25 Nov. 1911: 20.〕 * Tempe City Hall, 140 E. 5th St., Tempe, AZ (1913-14) - Demolished 1968.〔''Municipal Journal'' 15 Feb. 1912: 20.〕 Creighton & McDonald, 1915-?: * Wilson School, 3025 E. Fillmore St., Phoenix, AZ (1915) - Demolished.〔''Arizona Republican'' 9 June 1915: 6.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「James M. Creighton」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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